Consider software projects flowing through three main activities: requirement planning, development, and testing/implementation. Three different types of resource-types (employees) are needed at each step: analysts for requirement planning; programmers for code development and testers for system testing. There are 2 analysts, 1 developer and 3 testers. Software projects arrive at the rate of 4 per month (30 days). A project typically takes 10 days for requirement planning, 6 days for code development, and 16 days for testing/implementation.

1) Add an activity "approval" to the flow which is performed by the resource-type manager. There is one manager and she takes 4 days to approve the project. What is her capacity and what is the process capacity?

2) Continuing from the previous question, further analysis reveals that for the estimated service time of 4 days for managers approval is not quite right. Actually, 25% of the projects take only 3 days for approval and 75% of the projects take 5 days. What is the managers utilization?