Question: Consider testing a gene expression value X for a relationship with binary phenotype Y. Suppose we have a sample of 10 pairs (x, y),

Consider testing a gene expression value X for a relationship with binary phenotype Y. Suppose we have a sample of 10 pairs (x, y), and that y = 1 in exactly half of the pairs. Let U be some test statistic that we compute based on our sample of 10 pairs, and suppose the value we obtain for U is u. If we then perform a permutation test using this data and our value u, what is the minimum possible p-value that could be obtained from the permutation test?

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