Consider the following three interleaved memory designs for a main memory system with 16 memory modules. Each module is assumed to have a capacity of 1 Mbyte. The machine is byte addressable. Design 1: 16-way interleaving with one memory bank. Design 2: 8-way interleaving with 2 memory banks. Design 3: 4-way interleaving with 4 memory banks.

a) Specify the address format for each of the above memory organizations. b) Determine the maximum memory bandwidth (number of bytes per memory access) for each of the above memory organizations assuming that each design is fully operational (no module failure) c) Repeat part (b), but this time assume that one memory module fails in each of the above memory organizations. d) Comment on the relative merits of each of the three memory organizations.