Question: Consider the formula below for estimating average delay d i . Suppose that u = 0.2. Let r 1 t 1 be the most recent

Consider the formula below for estimating average delay di. Suppose that u = 0.2. Let r1 t1 be the most recent sample delay, let r2 t2 be the next most recent sample delay, and so on.

  1. For a given audio application suppose four packets have arrived at the receiver with sample delays r4 t4, r3 t3, r2 t2, and r1 t1. Express the estimate of delay d in terms of the four samples.
  2. Generalize your formula for n sample delays.
  3. For the formula in Part b, let n approach infinity and give the resulting formula.
  4. Comment on why this averaging procedure is called an exponential moving average. d_i = (1-u)d_(i-1) + u(r_i - t_i)

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