Question: Consider the predicate ( relation ) symbols G , U , H , L with arities 1 , 1 , 1 , 2 , respectively,

Consider the predicate (relation) symbols G, U, H, L with arities 1,
1,1,2, respectively, and a universe in which these predicates have the following meaning
G(u) : u is a ghost
U(u) : u is unhappy
H(u) : u is a house in the village
L(u,v) : u lives in v.
Consider also the following statements, where tim is a constant.
\beta 0 : tim is a ghost.
\beta 1 : No ghost is happy.
\beta 2 : There is a house in this village where only ghosts live.
\beta 3 : There is an unhappy resident in this village.
\beta 4 : tim is happy.

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