Context

Assume you are given a target detection task, e.g., go find some harmful chemical that is hopefully not in the environment! Assume your input image is I and the material that you want to find has spectral signature s.

Question

What if I say finding s in I can be challenging, e.g., due to shadows, a non-perfectly calibrated sensor, etc. So, I ask you to find me s, but I also say, hey, it should likely be an anomaly in the environment. How might you combine (i) specific signal detection (aka utilize ss) and (2) anomaly detection to make a more effective overall solution?

This is a question in remote sensing