Costs tend to respond differently as the volume changes. ___ tend to stay the same as volume of activity changes.

a) overhead costs b) labor costs c) variable costs d) material costs

_____ is driven by the retailers who want to offer low prices to end-consumers in order to drive high volumes.

a) volume-driven behavior b) profit-driven behavior c) margin-driven behavior d) market-driven behavior

an important logistics contribution to putting the end-customer first is to forecast demand. this can be undertaken using ___, where no demand history exists.

a) causal forecasting b) statistical forecasting c) judgmental forecasting d) random forecasting