could you help explain this.

$(1$ point$)$ Consider the hex strings $A=04c3b81f59729262e$ and $B=07ca8b3d101d7af25.$

a$)$ What is $Ao+B$ in hexadecimal? Please give your answer a leading $0x$ and use lowercase letters only.

hexadecimal:

b$)$ Suppose that A was generated uniformly at random from all $8$ byte strings. What is the probability that the second binary digit of $A$ is $1?$

c$)$ Suppose that A was generated uniformly at random from all $8$ byte strings. What is the probability that the second binary digit of $Ao+B$ is $1?$

$(1$ point$)$ A cryptography student has accidentally used the same keystream to encrypt two different messages, $M_1$ and $M_2.$ We know that the

ciphertexts are $C_1=0x312b6de80e86517f$ and $C_2=0xe40b91a2f9e35c93.$ We also happen to know that $M_1=0x095$caa$33ec660e13.$

a$)$ What is $M_7$ in hexadecimal? Please give your answer a leading $0x$ and use lowercase letters only.

b$)$ What is the keystream? Please give your answer a leading $0x$ and use lowercase letters only.

Hint: These are all $8$ byte numbers and will fit in an unsigned long type on most systems.