CS $3003$: Comparative Programming Languages Fall $2024$

Wainwright Homework Set $425$ points

Due: Friday November $22,2024$ at class time.

In each case YOU MUST SHOW ALL OF YOUR WORK and work independently.

$1.$ Consider the following code:

program MAIN;

var i : integer;

var a : array$[1.\mathrm{.}5]$ of integer;

procedure SUB$($x : integer$)$;

$\{$x$++$; a$[$i$]$ :$=$ a$[$i$-2]+3$; i$++$; x$++$; a$[$i$]$ :$=$ a$[$i$+1]+$ x; x$++$; i$++$; a$[$i$]$ :$=$ a$[$i$]+$ x;$\}$

$($end SUBPROG$)$

$\{$a$[1]$ :$=2$; a$[2]$ :$=3$; a$[3]$ :$=4$; a$[4]$ :$=5$; a$[5]$ :$=6$; i :$=3$;

call SUB$($a$[$i$])$;

print $($a$[1.\mathrm{.}5])$;

$\}$

$($end MAIN$)$

Note: Assume that all un$-$initialized variables have the value zero.

Note: For each question below $($a$)$ through $($f$)$ work must accompany your solution.

Show in detail the trace you used to arrive at each of the answers.

$(4$ pts$)$

$($a$)$ What is the program output assuming that the parameter is passed by value?

$(4$ pts$)$

$($b$)$ What is the program output assuming that the parameter is passed by result?

Assume that the address of the pass by result parameter is bound at the time of call.

Also assume the initial value for x is zero.