Question: def count _ participation _ ways ( N , M , constraints ) : # Create a list to represent participation status of students participation
def countparticipationwaysN M constraints:
# Create a list to represent participation status of students
participation FalseN
# Create a set of pairs of students who don't wish to participate together
disallowedpairs set
for a b in constraints:
disallowedpairs.adda b
disallowedpairs.addb a
# Function to backtrack and count participation ways
def backtrackstudent:
if student N :
return
totalways
for i in rangestudent N :
if not participationi:
valid True
for j in range i:
if participationj and j i in disallowedpairs:
valid False
break
if valid:
participationi True
totalways backtrackstudent
participationi False
return totalways
# Start backtracking from the first student
ways backtrack
return ways
# Reading input
N M mapint inputsplit
constraints
for in rangeM:
a b mapint inputsplit
constraints.appenda b
# Counting participation ways and printing the result
result countparticipationwaysN M constraints
printresult
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