. Define the following(30 Points) Input and output processing inside a router Internet Protocol Link-state Routing algorithm Distance-vector Routing Algorithm Virtual Local Area Networks(VLANs) Multiprotocol Label switching(MPLS 2. Consider a TCPconnection between Host Aand Host B Suppose that the TCPsegments traveling from Host Ato Host B have source port number x and destination port number y. What are the source and destination port numbers for the segments traveling from Host B to Host A?(10 Points) 3. What are the two most important network-layer functions in a datagram network? What are the three most important network-layer functions in a virtualcircuit network?(10Points) 4. What is the difference between routing and forwarding? (5 Points) 5. Do the routers in both datagram networks and virtual-circuit networks use forwarding tables? If so, describe the forwarding tables for both classes of networks(5 Points) 6. Describe how packet loss can occur at input ports. Describe how packet loss at input ports can be eliminated (without using infinite buffers). (10Points) 7. Describe how packet loss can occur at output ports. Can this loss be prevented by increasing the switch fabric speed? (5Points) 8. What is HOLblocking? Does it occur in input ports or output ports? (SPoints) 9. Suppose an application generates chunks of 40 bytes of data every 20 msec, and each chunk gets encapsulated in a TCPsegment and then an IPdatagram. What percentage of each datagram will be overhead, and what percentage will be application data?(20 Points)