describes organizations as processes that take inputs from the environment and transform them into outputs back into the environment. Organizational Behavior Systems Theory Contingency Theory Quantitative Management Administrative Management Henry Mintzberg's research led him to propose the 3 managerial roles of Interpersonal, Informational, & Decisional Planner, Leader, & Controller Planner, Leader, & Organizer Thinker, Dreamer, Doer Interpersonal, Informational, & Relational The of an organization's culture include those aspects of the culture that we can sense (feel, see, hear, smell, taste). They also represent only the tip of the "iceberg" of an organization's culture. Values Super-Ego Artifacts Beliefs Assumptions An organization's culture is roughly analogous to an individual's Old . Freud. Culture. Personality. Identity