Determine whether the following is valid or invalid and why. More than one answer may be correct so select all that apply. Some A are C$.$ Some C are B$.---$ Therefore, some A are not B$.$

Select one or more:

a$.$ Fails Rule $1$: Middle Term must be distributed at least once.

b$.$ Fails Rule $2$: If a term is distributed in the conclusion, it must be distributed in the premise $($and vice versa$).$

c$.$ Fails Rule $3$: There must be at least one Affirmative premise.

d$.$ Fails Rule $4$: If there is a negative premise there must be a negative conclusion $($and vice versa$).$

e$.$ Fails Rule $5$: You cannot have two universal premises and a particular conclusion.

f$.$ The argument is VALID.