Devise round key R1 for DES algorithm if the key is 0x 12 34 56 78 9a bc de f0 in hexadecimal. Show your calculations, provide necessary explanations.

Hints:

64-bit plaintext 64-bit key Initial Permutation Permuted Choice 1 Ki Round 1 Permuted Choice 2 Left circular shift K2 Round 2 Permuted Choice 2 Left circular shift Permuted Choice 1 (PC-1) 57 49 41 33 25 17 9 1 58 50 42 34 26 18 10 2 59 51 43 35 27 19 11 3 60 52 44 36 63 55 47 39 31 23 15 7 62 54 46 38 30 22 14 6 61 53 45 37 29 21 13 5 28 20 12 4 K16 Round 16 Permuted Choice 2 Left circular shift 32-bit Swap Inverse Initial Permutation 64-bit ciphertext Figure 3.7 General Depiction of DES Encryption Algorithm 28 Ri-1 Ci-1 Dj-1 Expansion/permutation (Etable) Left shiftis) Left shift(s) 48 F XOR K Permutation/contraction (Permuted Choice 2) Substitution/choic (S-box) 32 Permuted Choice 2 (PC-2) 14 17 11 24 1 5 3 28 15 6 21 10 23 19 12 4 268 167 27 20 13 2 41 52 31 37 47 55 30 40 51 45 33 48 44 49 39 56 34 53 46 42 50 36 29 32 Permutation (P) 32 XOR Li R; D Figure 3.8 Single Round of DES Algorithm Schedule of Left Shifts Round number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Bits rotated 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1