Directions: For the following excerpt,

(1) Decide whether the sampling method(s) presented are probability or non-probability;

(2) State the specific type of probability or non-probability sampling method(s) used;

(3) State your rational for the sampling method the researcher selected. Some of the examples might include more than one sampling method to obtain the study sample; and

(4)Discuss data gathering bias and haw it can impact the study out comes.Can bias be eliminated?

Study Excerpt:

"Subjects were recruited through advertisements placed in various newspapers in Lexington, Kentucky . . . . Individuals reporting any past or present drug- or alcohol-related problems, serious head injuries, learning disabilities, or psychotic symptomatology were excluded from participation. "Giancola, P.R. (2004), Difficult temperament, acute alcohol intoxication, and aggressive behavior. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 74(2), 135-45. Excerpt from page. 136.