Do you view a chocolate bar as delicious or as fattening? Your attitude may depend on your gender. In a study of American college students, Rozin et al. (2003) examined the importance of food as a source of pleasure versus concerns about food associated with weight gain and health. The following results are similar to those obtained in the study. The scores are a measure of concern about the negative aspects of eating.

MalesFemales

n = 6n = 9

SS = 490SS = 680

a. Provide hypotheses and explain your reasoning. In other words, are you choosing a two-tailed or one-tailed test and, if a one-tail test, how are you deciding which direction it should go?

b. Do these results indicate a significant difference in the level of concern about negative aspects of eating chocolate?

c. Compute Cohen's d and r² and interpret the results.