Does involving a statistician to help with statistical methods improve the chance that a medical research paper will be published? A study of papers submitted to two medical journals found that 135 of 190 papers that lacked statistical assistance were rejected without even being reviewed in detail. In contrast, 293 of the 514 papers with statistical help were sent back without review. (This observational study does not establish causation: studies that include statistical help may also be better in other ways than those that do not.)

1. Takep₁andp₂tobetheproportionsofrejectedpapersthatlackedandusedstatisticalhelp.Thehypothesestobetestedare:
2. Findthevalueofthez-teststatistic.Giveyouranswertotwodecimalplaces.___
3. UsesoftwareorthebottomrowofTableCtogetaP-value.Giveyouranswertofourdecimalplaces.

• p>0.0005
• p<0.0005
• p>0.9995
• p<0.9995

4.Which of the following statements best describes your conclusion:

There is good evidence that statistical help improves the proportion of papers that are being accepted.

There is no evidence that statistical help improves the proportion of papers that are being accepted.

There is good evidence that statistical help makes a difference in the proportion of papers that are being rejected.

There is no evidence that statistical help makes a difference in the proportion of papers that are being rejected.