Draw a THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK for the topic: Optimizing Last$-$ Mile Delivery in Urban Areas: A Comprehensive Analysis of Sustainable Solutions. $*$You can use the information below and draw a theoretical framework. $*$Independent Variables:

The questionnaire will include sections dedicated to capturing information on key independent variables. For example, to measure the adoption of advanced delivery technology, respondents may be asked to indicate their preference for or awareness of electric vehicles, drones, and other sustainable transportation modes in last$-$mile deliveries. Likert scales could be employed to gauge the extent of community involvement, regulatory compliance, and the utilization of sustainable packaging by logistics companies. These measurements aim to quantitatively assess the impact of technological advancements, community engagement, and regulatory factors on the last$-$mile delivery process.

$*$Dependent Variables:

To measure the dependent variables, the questionnaire will delve into aspects such as last$-$mile delivery efficiency, environmental impact, customer satisfaction, and cost$-$effectiveness. Questions may assess participants' satisfaction levels with current delivery services, perceptions of the environmental friendliness of last$-$mile practices, and their willingness to pay premiums for eco$-$friendly options. Open$-$ended questions may be incorporated to gather qualitative insights into specific instances of successful or problematic last$-$mile deliveries, providing a nuanced understanding of the variables' impact. Additionally, respondents might be asked to express their awareness and adherence to sustainable last$-$mile practices, contributing to the overall assessment of the success and adoption of eco$-$friendly solutions. By carefully structuring the questionnaire to measure both independent and dependent variables, the research aims to collect comprehensive data that can be analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. This approach ensures a nuanced understanding of the factors influencing last$-$mile delivery optimization in urban areas while considering the sustainability dimensions of the process.