each team member in next week's one$-$on$-$one touchpoints:

$"$Do you feel included in team discussions, meetings, and activities?" or

"How are you feeling about being included in team discussions, meetings, and activities?"

Which question will better contribute to his understanding?

$"$Do you feel included...?" is a stronger question because it is clear what Oliver needs to know and it can be answered succinctly with one or two words so everyone can get back to work.

"How are you feeling...?" is a stronger question because it is open$-$ended and gives the respondent an opportunity to provide detail and opens up an avenue for extended conversation.

They are both equally effective questions because they both focu's on assessing inclusivity on the team.

They are both equally effective questions because in either case, Oliver can ask additional follow$-$up questions or the respondent can provide as much detail as they think is needed.