Encode the following plaint text M= Undifferentiated Knowing that the key is K=abstract. Use the tables in the following pages to generate all subkeys and then to apply DES to get Cipher text. Show ALL the steps of your work.

Note: The solution SHOULD be in BINARY form.

Table 34 DES Key Schedule Calculation (a) Input Key 1 2 3 4 3 9 10 11 12 13 17 18 19 20 21 25 26 27 28 29 33 34 35 36 37 41 45 49 50 51 52 53 57 58 59 60 61 6 14 22 30 38 46 54 62 7 15 23 31 39 47 55 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 9 57 1 10 19 63 7 14 21 (b) Permuted Choice One (PC-1) 49 41 33 25 17 58 SO 42 34 2 59 43 35 11 3 60 52 44 55 47 39 31 23 62 54 46 38 30 6 61 53 45 37 13 5 28 20 12 18 27 36 15 22 29 4 28 14 15 26 41 (c) Permuted Choice Two (PC-2) 17 11 24 1 21 10 19 8 16 7 27 20 52 31 37 47 55 45 33 48 44 49 53 46 42 36 3 12 13 30 39 29 2 40 56 32 34 (d) Schedule of Left Shifts Round Number 12345 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 14 15 16 Bits Rotated i i 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 % - 10 12 4 6 Table 3.2 Permutation Tables for DES (a) Initial Permutation (IP) 50 42 34 26 18 60 52 44 28 20 62 54 46 38 30 22 64 56 48 40 32 24 57 49 41 33 25 17 59 51 43 35 27 19 61 53 45 37 29 21 63 55 47 39 31 23 8 1 16 9 11 13 15 5 7 (b) Inverse Initial Permutation (IP-!) 8 48 16 56 24 7 47 15 55 6 46 14 54 22 5 45 13 53 21 61 4 44 12 52 20 60 3 11 19 59 2 42 10 50 18 58 1 41 49 17 57 39 38 37 36 35 34 AO 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 33 25 (c) Expansion Permutation (E) 1 4 32 4 2 6 10 9 13 17 8 12 16 20 9 13 17 21 25 29 3 7 11 15 19 23 27 31 8 12 16 20 24 28 18 22 26 30 21 25 29 24 28 1 16 1 (d) Permutation Function (P) 20 21 29 12 23 26 5 18 24 14 32 27 30 6 22 11 28 31 7 15 8 13 17 10 3 9 2 19 25 9 Table 33 Definition of DES S-Boxes 1 2 1511 0157 4 14 2 13 SI 1 14 8 13 6 15 12 8 2 4 9 1 5 9 B 3 10 6 12 1 10 61211 11 15 7 7 5 11 14 5 10 0 0 3 3 6 2 8 0 10 4 9 7 5 15 3 1 13 14 13 10 0 6 10 5 0 1 8 4 7 10 $ 14 7 11 1 12 6 9 15 10 11 2 4 15 8 13 4 0 1 2 13 5 11 2 14 ST 6 6 12 0 5 0 6 14 9 ST 9 2 15 0 6 3 8 10 13 13 1 S 7 6 10 3 4 15 9 5 10 0 7 4 11 10 5 6 3 1 13 7 11 2 8 5 14 12 11 12 12 5 4 15 14 3 11 4 13 1 7 12 7 9 0 6 10 3 1 4 6 15 11 2 7. 12 10 13 8 6 15 S4 14 11 9 o 3 5 0 6 5 11 121 14 5 11 12 4 15 14 9 84 2 14 OW 10 3 15 12 10 1 4 1 6 3 15 0 0 15 6 s. 2 14 4 11 12 11 2 8 7 4 10 1 12 11 7 10 7 13 14 11 13 7 2 1 8 8 5 5 15 6 15 13 3 6 10 10 5 9 1 12 14 8 0 5 9 6 14 3 0 4 9 8 0 13 12 1 10 15 9 10 15 27 9 15 2 4 3 2 12 9 2 12 8 12 5 15 4 14 14 0 10 1 7 6 7 11 13 0 5 3 11 8 11 8 6 13 4 3 10 7 11 0 14 0 6 15 4 12 7 12 4 11 13 0 1 6 11 10 15 2 11 11 13 14 7 13 8 1 6 3 14 10 1 7 4 10 13 10 14 7 12 3 15 5 9 5 6 0 5 2 0 14 6 8 9 5 2 2 12 - 15 8 1 0 12 1 7 2 6 2 15 11 1 4 8 1 7 6 15 11 10 37 9 12 14 4 10 8 14 11 13 10 9 3 4 12 5 6 20 6 10 13 15 129 5 0 15 3 7 2 8 11 + 14 3 5 5 6 X