Examine the following code:Explain in detail what each operation $($lower$()$ and split$())$ does to the input text, and what would be the exact output of this code$\mathrm{.}2.$ Explain the role and purpose of each of the following components in a neural network:

Input Layer

Hidden Layer

Output Layer

Include in your answer why we might need multiple hidden layers in some cases.

$3.$ Compare and contrast convolutional layers and pooling layers in a CNN$.$ Make sure you answer the following:

The primary purpose of each layer type

How each layer processes input data

Why we typically use them together

A machine learning model is being used to detect fraudulent transactions in a banking system. Explain why recall might be a more important metric than precision in this context. Justify your answer with a real$-$world example of the consequences of false negatives versus false positives.