Example 1: Elmer thinks that a special juice will increase the productivity of workers. He creates two groups of 50 workers each and assigns each group the same task (in this case, they're supposed to staple a set of papers). Group A is given the special juice to drink while they work. Group B is not given the special juice. After an hour, Elmer counts how many stacks of papers each group has made. Group A made 1,587 stacks, Group B made 2,113 stacks