Explain how the end-of-file is detected when reading data from a sequential file. Provide a C++ code segment that reads data from a text file using a while loop.

Explain what a default constructor is and why it is used. Provide a code segment to illustrate a simple class, create a constructor method to initialize a private property, and demonstrate how an object would be instantiated with your constructor.

Explain how to declare and assign values to an array, and provide a C++ program segment that illustrates your answer. Provide a description of how the values are stored in memory.