Explain the following challenges associated with performance appraisal and performance management $($include references$)$ and provide recommendations for each:

a$)$ Lack of strategic focus

b$)$ lack of clarity$/$simplicity

c$)$ Lack of timely and meaningful feedback

d$)$ Lack of leadership support

e$)$ Lack of stakeholder review

f$)$ Limited development opportunities or lack of training and communication

g$)$ Lack of appropriate rewards and recognition

h$)$ Lack of managing poor performance