Explain the underlying principles and methodologies behind the design and construction of suspension bridges, focusing on their structural integrity and load$-$bearing capabilities. Analyze the intricate balance between tension and compression forces within the bridge components, such as cables, towers, and deck elements, elucidating how these elements interact to support the bridge's weight and withstand environmental stresses like wind, seismic activity, and temperature fluctuations. Additionally, delve into the role of materials selection and engineering techniques in ensuring optimal performance and longevity of suspension bridges, considering factors such as material strength, corrosion resistance, and maintenance requirements. Furthermore, explore the influence of geometric parameters, such as span length and tower height, on the overall stability and functionality of suspension bridges, highlighting the trade$-$offs involved in achieving desired design objectives while adhering to safety standards and budget constraints.