Explain using diagram$($s$)$ and Newton's Laws what happens and why in the following two scenarios. Dan and his buddy are paddling their canoe to the dock. Dan is in the bow $($the front$),$ and he wants to get out first and then help his buddy to get out. They paddle the canoe to orient the bow directly touching the dock. While the canoe is at rest in this position, Dan slowly stands up$,$ and then steps forward from the bow of the canoe onto the dock.

a$.$ Has Dan made a good choice $-$ what will happen to the canoe, and why?

b$.$ If Dan's buddy were NOT in the canoe, how would that change the result, if at all? Explain.