Factors are qualitative data that are associated with categorization or the description of an attribute. Factors are often (but not always) represented with words, like colors or names of things. On the other hand, numeric data are generated by numeric measurements. R can store values as factors or numbers, but sometimes you have a choice of how to represent values.

1) I have two apples, one banana, one cherry. Does it make sense to calculate the "average" of these things? Would you code that as a factor or a numeric value in R?

2) I have four quiz scores: 94, 93, 85, and 0.What is the mean (average) of my quiz scores? Would you code this as a factor or a numeric value in R?

3) In another class, I received these grades on my quizzes: two As, one B, and one F.What is the mean (average) of my grades? Would you code that as a factor or a numeric value in R?Think about how you want your grades represented in your assignments for this course.

4)How would you explain any differences or similarity in mean values obtained in #2 and #3 above?Difference does not always mean subtraction.

There is no requirement to use sources from the Internet, but if you use an idea or a quotation from any source, it should be cited (such as putting the author and year at the end of the sentence and then adding a reference at the end to describe the source).

Read, rate and reply to at least 3 other posts.

Yakir, B. (2011).Introduction to statistical thinking (with R, without calculus). The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Department of Statistics.

• For this week you should read all of Chapter 2 of the textbook. When you read the test that involves running R script you are expected to run the code by yourself on your computer, in parallel to reading it in the textbook, and compare what you get with the output presented in the textbook.

Reading Assignment

Chapter 2: Sampling and Data Structures Section 2.1 Student Learning Objectives Section 2.2 The Sampled Data 2.2.1 Variation in Data 2.2.2 Variation in Samples 2.2.3 Frequency 2.2.4 Critical Evaluation Section 2.3 Reading Data into R 2.3.1 Setting the Working Directory 2.3.2 Reading a CSV File into R 2.3.3 Data Types Section 2.4 Solved Exercises Section 2.5 Summary

R-Tutorial on Import and Save data

http://r-tutorial.nl/ch7.html

Video Resources

MarinStatsLectures-R Programming & Statistics. (2019, August 6).Variables and types of variables | Statistics Tutorial | MarinStatsLectures[Video]. YouTube.https://youtu.be/ZxV-kf0yBss

MarinStatsLectures-R Programming & Statistics. (2013, August 8).Create and work with vectors and matrices in R | R Tutorial 1.4 | MarinStatslectures [Video]. YouTube.https://youtu.be/2TcPAZOyV0U

MarinStatsLectures-R Programming & Statistics. (2013, August 8).Importing, checking and working with data in R | R Tutorial 1.7 | MarinStatsLectures[Video]. YouTube.https://youtu.be/U4-RnTW5dfw

MarinStatsLectures-R Programming & Statistics. (2013, August 8).Working with variables and data in R | R Tutorial 1.8 | MarinStatslectures[Video]. YouTube.https://youtu.be/1BcGnHwUT6k

R-Beginner Tutorial. (2017, September 19). How to import data in R [Video]. YouTube.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nd-HnUYjW-I&ab_channel=R-BeginnerTutorial