Fatigue and sleep

a$)$ Crew scheduling, work patterns and duty rosters are often cited by aircrew as major factors that result in potentially unsafe flight operations. Identify and discuss the key causes and effects of these factors on crew performance and their effect on safety in flight. Give real$-$life examples of accidents to support your analysis. $(20$ points, LO$2)$

b$)$ Identify ways in which the effects of these factors could be reduced or mitigated and explain why airline management is sometimes unwilling or unable to address them. $(20$ points, LO$4)$