For each of the hypothesis testing situations listed (a-j) indicate the type of test you would use (1-10) in the text box below listing "letter" = "number".Each test type is used only once in the matching.Unless indicated otherwise, the significance level for all the tests is .05.

10 Test types:

1. F test
2. Two samples t test for independent means with equal variances
3. Mann-Whitney U test
4. One sample t-test
5. Chi-square test
6. Two samples t test for independent means with unequal variances
7. Paired samples t-test
8. One sample Wilcoxon signed-ranked test
9. Paired Sample Wilcoxon Signed Ranked test
10. McNemar Test

10 Scenarios to match:

a)A financial aid advisor at UWF wants to see if students are overly optimistic about their future salaries. He knows that the distribution of starting salaries for public health majors graduating from the school is normally distributed with a mean of $48,000 or u = $4,000 a month. To determine if public health students are overly optimistic about their potential salaries, the counselor obtains a random sample of 15 MPH students from UWF and asks each one of them individually what they expect their monthly salary will be in their first job after graduation. The 15 students' expected starting monthly salaries had a mean of 4,200. The counselor chooses a one-tailed test and alpha of 0.05. The research question is: Is the student's mean estimated starting salary significantly higher than the actual starting salary for MPH students?

b)Researchers want to find a better way of encouraging children to read more and discovered two possible approaches. To decide which to implement, they randomly select two libraries. In library A they enhanced the children's reading area and shelving as suggested in one plan, and in library B, they enhanced the children's reading area according to the other plan. After a year, they collected data on how many books each member of the two borrowed over the period. The researchers assessed the amount of reading in a likert scale; therefore, the variable reading was an ordinal variable , and although the distribution was symmetric, the researchers could not assume the data is normally distributed.

c)Researchers wishto examine pretest- posttest changes in the proportion of students that reported correct responses before and after an intervention. Ho:a =a

The researchers produce the following table:

d)Researchers wanted toassess if children living in the far northgrow more slowly than those who live in sunnier regions. Their null hypothesis was that there would be no significant difference in height between two samples of 14-year-olds chosen from northern Finland and southern Italy. The randomly selected 50 children aged 14 from two different schools and their heights were measured and recorded in centimeters.It is assumed the test variable "height"was normally distributed in each of the populations; the cases represent a random sample from the population, and the scores on the test variable are independent of each other; and the variances of the normally distributed test variable for the populations are equal.

e)A nurse is leading a smoking cessation group and wants to determine the effectiveness of the intervention. The research question is: will providing a 1-hour smoking cessation workshop help to reduce smoking among the participants? Ho= the smoking cessation workshop is not effective in reducing smoking; Ha: the smoking cessation workshop is effective in reducing smoking. The nurse selects 40 participants.The data is assumed to be normally distributed.

f)A medical researcher wishes to see whether the variance of the heart rates (in beats per minute) of smokers is different from the variance of heart rates of people who do not smoke. The assumptions are that the populations from which the samples were obtained are normally distributed; and the two samples are independent of each other.

g)An investigator read that there is an antibiotic often tested, well documented, and known to help information stored in memory. This experimenter also knows through scientific reports and guidelines that behavioral therapy has an established efficacy for the treatment of the social phobia. In addition, he knows that behavioral therapy requires the learning of new behaviorswhich implies information storage. The number of symptoms of social phobia after two types of therapy was investigated. Two groups of individuals with social phobia were compared. The first group (10 participants) received the behavioral therapy; the second group (15 participants) received the behavioral therapy combined with the antibiotic. After each therapy, both groups showed a decrease in the number of symptoms of social phobia. The number of these symptoms was measured and a test was run to decide whether the combined therapy had more effect on the symptoms than the behavioral therapy alone.

h)Researchers want to test is there is a significant association betweenhaving received a flu shotand having developed the flu. They have the following table. Ho: There is no association between getting a flu shot and getting sick with the flu.

i)Health professionals want to investigate the medium-term effect of a hypnotherapy program on the daily cigarette use of heavy smokers. In particular, they are interested in assessing whether cigarette consumption is lower 6 months after the hypnotherapy program compared to pre-hypnotherapy). The following research question and null hypothesis were posed: Research question Is there a difference in daily cigarette use amongst heavy smokers 6 months after a hypnotherapy program? Null hypothesis There is no difference in daily cigarette use amongst heavy smokers 6 months after a hypnotherapy program. It is assumed that a) data are paired and come from the same population; b) each pair is chosen randomly and independently; c) the dependent variable is continuous or ordinal.

The assumptions are a) the independent variable (therapy) has only two levels; b) the data is not normally distributed, and the two samples are independent of each other.

j)Infant BP's were collected during the first few days of life in the newborn nursery and again at one week, 1 month, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months. The following question was asked at 6 months of life: Do you add salt to the baby food? The mean SBPs of the infants were obtained in the subgroups of mothers:

Do you add salt to the babyfood?	Mean SBP	sd	n
Yes	95.0	13.0	23
No	91.3	9.5	503

The researchers performed the FtesttotestthehypothesisHo:₁²/₂² =1 versus Ho:₁²/₂² 1 The F test was = 2.47 and thep-value was: .03. Can the researcher assume equality of variances? What test should the researcher use in this case?