Question: For n -bit block size, there are 2 n possible plaintext blocks and 2 n possible ciphertext blocks. If the plaintext or ciphertext is represented

  1. For n-bit block size, there are 2npossible plaintext blocks and 2npossible ciphertext blocks. If the plaintext or ciphertext is represented by an integer, then its value ranges from 0 to 2n 1.
    1. How many different n-bit block to n-bit block mappings are there?
    2. How many different reversible n-bit block to n-bit block mappings are there?
    3. If a reversible n-bit block mapping is used as a key for the substitution, then what would its minimum bit-length be? [Hint: If there are 64 keys altogether, then each key can be represented by log2(64) = 8 bits. This is the minimum bit length.]
    1. In class, we considered the representation of a reversible 4-bit mapping that was a 64-bit string (that was the key length). How much shorter is the key length computed in c. when n=4?

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