For the items listed in Table 3.1 (alpha amino, alpha carboxyl and select side-chain groups), state whether the group will carry a charge (-1, no charge or +1) at the following pH values: pH= 2.6, 4.8, 6.6, 7.4, 8.4, 9.2, 10.0 and why.

TABLE 3.1 Typical pk, values of ionizable groups in proteins Base Typical pK, Group Acid O 3.1 Terminal a-carboxyl group Lean Lei O Aspartic acid Glutamic acid 0-1 6.0 Histidine N H 'H + H Na -N 8.0 Terminal a-amino group H H H H S -S 8.3 Cysteine 10.8 + H -N H H Lysine -N. TH H 0 10.9 Tyrosine N-H H N H N-C N-H H 12.5 H NC N-H H Arginine Note: Values of pk, depend on temperature, ionic strength, and the microenvironment of the jonizable group