For the second scenario related to ensuring 98% security coverage, you have correctly identified the hypotheses for a left-tailed test: Null hypothesis: 0.98 Alternate hypothesis: < 0.98 You have explained the concept of the critical value well, stating that it is the threshold for deciding whether to reject the null hypothesis. The significance level (alpha) you have chosen is 0.05, which is appropriate for many testing scenarios, although in some critical infrastructure contexts, a lower alpha might be considered to reduce the risk of a Type I error