For this assignment, you will conduct research on the collapse of Silicon Valley Bank $($SVB$)$ and write a report that addresses the following questions: $1.$ Company Overview and Pre$-$Collapse Operations Provide an overview of Silicon Valley Bank, including its market position and size, industry focus and clientele, and corporate reputation. Analyze SVB$\text{'}$s business model and operational strategies, highlighting any risk exposures that may have contributed to its failure. $2.$ Review the disclosures of SVB$\text{'}$s financial statements from December $31,2020,$ to $2022$ a$.$ Identify the amounts of SVB$\text{'}$s total Available$-$for$-$sale $($AFS$)$ and Held$-$to$-$maturity $($HTM$)$ securities as of December $31,2022,2021,$ and $2020.$ b$.$ Calculate these amounts as a percentage of SVB$\text{'}$s total assets for each respective year. c$.$ Explain how AFS and HTM securities are recognized and measured under U$.$S$.$ GAAP. Discuss the rationale for SVB$\text{'}$s classification of investment securities as either HTM or AFS securities$.$ d$.$ During the year ended December $31,2021,$ SVB re$-$designated certain securities from the classification of AFS to HTM with a total carrying value of $\backslash (\backslash$$ $8\mathrm{.}8\backslash )$ billion. Briefly explain the potential benefits of reclassifying AFS securities to HIM securities$.$ e$.$ Identify the amounts of SVB$\text{'}$s total unrealized losses of its Available$-$for$-$sale $($AFS$)$ and Held$-$to$-$maturity $($HTM$)$ investment securities portfolio at December $31,2022,2021,$ and $2020.$ Are these unrealized losses are recorded and reflected in the financial statements? f$.$ From $($e$),$ what factors contributed to the magnitude of these unrealized losses, particularly in $2022?$ g$.$ Evaluate whether it is appropriate for SVB to designate significant portions of its investment portfolios as HTM securities$.3.$ Key Factors Contributing to SVB$\text{'}$s Collapse a$.$ Discuss at least three primary factors that led to SVB$\text{'}$s failure. Support your analysis with specific examples and relevant data. b$.$ To what extent was the collapse of SVB avoidable? What strategies or actions might have saved the bank? $4.$ External Auditor's Role Evaluate KPMG$\text{'}$s role as SVB$\text{'}$s external auditor, especially in light of the unqualified audit opinion issued on February $24,2023.$ Discuss the implications of this audit opinion on the stakeholder trust and potential gaps in the financial oversight process.