"From a rall perspective, capital should be made avallable to upgrade the key routes and nodes, which carry the majority af freight volumes to assist densification and to achieve economies of scale. Accelerated investment is required for signaling systems, locomotive and rolling stock. Funds spent here will reduce operating costs and increase performance substantialy," he said.

With reference to the above quotation from the article and NATMAP Section $6\mathrm{.}4$ pages $6\mathrm{.}11$ to $6\mathrm{.}21$ explain how this will be achioved.