From where we get the p value $?????$ For the dowel bar design, the probabilistic distribution of the steel strength $($capacity$)$ and applied bending stresses $($demand$)$ are shown as below. Determine the design reliability level of the dowel bar design for the following conditions:

Average yield strength of steel $=30,000$

Standard deviation of yield strength $=800$

Average bending stress $=25,000$

Standard deviation of bending stress $=1,500$

$q,$

$Z=q,$

$P=0\mathrm{.}0062$

$.2$

$.Z=\frac{28000-25000}{1500}=2,P=0\mathrm{.}977$

$1-0\mathrm{.}97f=0\mathrm{.}023$

$P_{\text{a}\text{t}\text{u}\text{c}}=0\mathrm{.}023+0\mathrm{.}0062=0\mathrm{.}0292$

$R=1-0\mathrm{.}0292=0\mathrm{.}9708$~~$0\mathrm{.}97.$