Generally, it is desirable that researchers provide sample items from a test or questions from a questionnaire, to help the reader understand how the variable was measured. However, one valid reason for NOT providing such questionnaire items is: a. The readers of the article may be confused by some questions from the questionnaire. b. The test is too long and would not fit into the space of a journal article. c. The test or questionnaire is copyrighted and cannot be reproduced in a journal article. d. Journal editors prefer to publish articles without including any tests or questionnaires