Germanium to which ${10}^{24}{m}^{-3}$ As atoms have been added is an extrinsic semiconductor at room temperature, and virtually all the As atoms may be thought of as being ionized $($i$.$e$.,$ one charge carrier exists for each As atom$).$

$($a$)$ Is this material n$-$type or p$-$type?

$($b$)$ Calculate the electrical conductivity of this material, assuming electron and hole mobilities of $0\mathrm{.}18$ and $0\mathrm{.}020m^{2}N-$s$,$ respectively.

$=(-m{)}^{-1}$

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