Given data: Span length (L): 10 meters Uniform distributed load (w): 20 KN/m (kilograms per meter) Characteristic compressive strength of concrete (f'_c): 25 MPa Allowable bending stress (f_b): 0.45 * 25 = 11.25 MPa V section properties * Width (b) = 0.5 meters * Depth (d) = 1 meter Density of concrete ~ 2400 kg/m^3 (typical value) Concrete grade/ strength: C25 (Characteristic compressive strength = 25 MPa) Safety factor for concrete (_concrete) = 0.65 Safety factor for steel (_ steel) = 0.9 Allowable bending stress in concrete (o_concrete. _allowable) = 0.45*f'_c Allowable bending stress in steel lo_ steel_ _allowable) = 0.6* fy Yield strength of steel (fy) = 250 MPa steel bars of diameter = 12mm Spacing = 150mm calculate density Other Factors needs to be consider 1. standard vehicle traveling at 60 mph (96.56 km/h) hits the barrier 2. seismic coefficient S=0.25=0.2 3. bridge weight W=500W=500 kN 4. water flow velocity of v=5v=5 m/s 5. density of Q= 1000p=1000 kg/m3 6. Class S soil type 7. wind speed of V=30V=30 m/s 1. Calculating loads: Total distributed load (W) = w x L Total distributed load = 20 KN/m * 10 m =