1. Given the pattern of changes Amazon has made to its strategy and structure over time, which of the decision-making models best characterizes the way it makes decisions?

2. At what hierarchical level does responsibility for nonprogrammed decision making seem to lie in Amazon? What problems do you see with the way Amazon makes decisions?

3. Characterize Amazons ability to learn over time. Evaluate its capacity to adapt itself to and modify the environment.

4. Can you pinpoint any cognitive biases that may have affected the way managers made decisions or influenced their choice of strategy or structure? What was the effect of these cognitive biases?