Green infrastructure planning involves integrating natural and engineered systems to provide ecosystem services, enhance biodiversity, and mitigate the impacts of urbanization on the environment. Explore the theoretical foundations of green infrastructure, including ecosystem services, ecological design principles, and landscape ecology. How do urban planners and landscape architects utilize theoretical models of green infrastructure planning to design and implement green roofs, rain gardens, urban parks, and other nature$-$based solutions that improve urban livability, mitigate urban heat island effects, and enhance urban resilience to climate change and extreme weather events?