Group $2$

Persistent trade deficits in many Sub$-$Saharan African countries lead to reliance on volatile capital inflows. Evaluate the risks and benefits of this dependence, considering cases like Ghana's debt distress or Kenya's Eurobond issuances. What policy frameworks could promote a more sustainable Balane of Payment?

Group $3$

Financial globalization advocates argue that open capital markets boost growth, while critics warn they increase vulnerability to capital flight. Using Ghana's post$-$liberalization debt crises or Kenya's Eurobond struggles, take a stance: Should SSA countries prioritize capital account openness or selective controls? Support your argument with theory $($e$.$g$.,$ 'trilemma of international finance'$)$ and empirical trends.

Group $4$

The African Development Bank $($AfDB$)$ offers a $$500$ million infrastructure loan to Nigeria with strict procurement and environmental safeguards. Critically assess:

What risks $($e$.$g$.,$ debt sustainability, corruption$)$ should Nigeria evaluate before accepting?

How can civil society and independent auditors ensure funds are used inclusively?

Would this loan be more effective if structured as concessional vs$.$ non$-$concessional financing? Justify your stance.