Question: HDLC (High-level Data Link Control) is a group of protocols for transmitting data nodes. In HDLC, each message starts and ends with the unique flag

 HDLC (High-level Data Link Control) is a group of protocols for
transmitting data nodes. In HDLC, each message starts and ends with the
unique flag sequence of 01111110. To prevent this flag sequence from occurring

HDLC (High-level Data Link Control) is a group of protocols for transmitting data nodes. In HDLC, each message starts and ends with the unique flag sequence of 01111110. To prevent this flag sequence from occurring in other parts of the message, a process known as zero bit insertion, or bit stuffing is used Draw a diagram to show how zero bit insertion is used when transmitting the following 5 message data bytes. a2 (9 marks) Q3 There are four types of characteristics attributed to a flow: reliability, delay, jitter, and bandwidth. Explain how each of these is related to Quality of Service. (8 marks)

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