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\f45. Decreasing which one of the following will increase the acceptability of a project? A. sunk costs B. salvage value C. depreciation tax shield D. equivalent annual cost E. accounts payable requirement 46. Dexter Smith & Co. is replacing a machine simply because it has worn out. The new machine will not affect either sales or operating costs and will not have any salvage value at the end of its 5-year life. The firm has a 34 percent tax rate, uses straight-line depreciation over an asset's life, and has a positive net income. Given this, which one of the following statements is correct? A. As a project, the new machine has a net present value equal to minus one times the machine's purchase price. B. The new machine will have a zero rate of return. C. The new machine will generate positive operating cash flows, at least in the first few years of its life. D. The new machine will create a cash outflow when the firm disposes of it at the end of its life. E. The new machine creates erosion effects. 47. Kelly's Corner Bakery purchased a lot in Oil City 6 years ago at a cost of $302,000. Today, that lot has a market value of $340,000. At the time of the purchase, the company spent $15,000 to level the lot and another $20,000 to install storm drains. The company now wants to build a new facility on that site. The building cost is estimated at $1.51 million. What amount should be used as the initial cash flow for this project? A. -$1,470,000 B. -$1,850,000 C. -$1,875,000 D. -$1,925,000 E. -$1,945,000 48. Sailcloth & More currently produces boat sails and is considering expanding its operations to include awnings for homes and travel trailers. The company owns land beside its current manufacturing facility that could be used for the expansion. The company bought this land 5 years ago at a cost of $319,000. At the time of purchase, the company paid $24,000 to level out the land so it would be suitable for future use. Today, the land is valued at $295,000. The company has some unused equipment that it currently owns valued at $38,000. This equipment could be used for producing awnings if $12,000 is spent for equipment modifications. Other equipment costing $490,000 will also be required. What is the amount of the initial cash flow for this expansion project? A. -$785,000 B. -$823,000 C. -$835,000 D. -$859,000 E. -$883,000 49.Webster & Moore paid $148,000, in cash, for a piece of equipment 3 years ago. At the beginning of last year, the company spent $21,000 to update the equipment with the latest technology. The company no longer uses this equipment in its current operations and has received an offer of $96,000 from a firm that would like to purchase it. Webster & Moore is debating whether to sell the equipment or to expand its operations so that the equipment can be used. When evaluating the expansion option, what value, if any, should the firm assign to this equipment as an initial cost of the project? A. $0 B. $21,000 C. $96,000 D. $110,000 E. $160,000 50. The Fluffy Feather sells customized handbags. Currently, it sells 18,000 handbags annually at an average price of $89 each. It is considering adding a lower-priced line of handbags that sell for $59 each. The firm estimates it can sell 7,000 of the lower-priced handbags but will sell 3,000 less of the higher-priced handbags by doing so. What is the amount of the sales that should be used when evaluating the addition of the lower-priced handbags? A. $146,000 B. $275,000 C. $413,000 D. $623,000 E. $680,000 51. Mason Farms purchased a building for $689,000 eight years ago. Six years ago, repairs were made to the building which cost $136,000. The annual taxes on the property are $11,000. The building has a current market value of $840,000 and a current book value of $494,000. The building is totally paid for and solely owned by the firm. If the company decides to use this building for a new project, what value, if any, should be included in the initial cash flow of the project for this building? A. $494,000 B. $582,000 C. $840,000 D. $865,000 E. $953,000 52. You own a house that you rent for $1,100 a month. The maintenance expenses on the house average $200 a month. The house cost $219,000 when you purchased it 4 years ago. A recent appraisal on the house valued it at $239,000. If you sell the house you will incur $14,000 in real estate fees. The annual property taxes are $4,000. You are deciding whether to sell the house or convert it for your own use as a professional office. What value should you place on this house when analyzing the option of using it as a professional office? A. $211,800 B. $221,000 C. $225,000 D. $235,000 E. $239,000 53. Nelson Mfg. owns a manufacturing facility that is currently sitting idle. The facility is located on a piece of land that originally cost $159,000. The facility itself cost $1,390,000 to build. As of now, the book value of the land and the facility are $159,000 and $458,000, respectively. The firm owes no debt on either the land or the facility at the present time. The firm received a bid of $1,700,000 for the land and facility last week. The firm's management rejected this bid even though they were told that it is a reasonable offer in today's market. If the firm was to consider using this land and facility in a new project, what cost, if any, should it include in the project analysis? A. $0 B. $617,000 C. $1,460,000 D. $1,700,000 E. $1,619,000 54. Cool Comfort currently sells 300 Class A spas, 450 Class C spas, and 200 deluxe model spas each year. The firm is considering adding a mid-class spa and expects that if it does it can sell 375 of them. However, if the new spa is added, Class A sales are expected to decline to 225 units while the Class C sales are expected to decline to 200. The sales of the deluxe model will not be affected. Class A spas sell for an average of $12,000 each. Class C spas are priced at $6,000 and the deluxe model sells for $17,000 each. The new mid-range spa will sell for $8,000. What is the value of the erosion? A. $600,000 B. $1,200,000 C. $1,800,000 D. $2,400,000 E. $3,900,000 55. Jefferson & Sons is evaluating a project that will increase annual sales by $145,000 and annual cash costs by $94,000. The project will initially require $110,000 in fixed assets that will be depreciated straight-line to a zero book value over the 4-year life of the project. The applicable tax rate is 32 percent. What is the operating cash flow for this project? A. $11,220 B. $29,920 C. $43,480 D. $46,480 E. $46,620 56. Marie's Fashions is considering a project that will require $28,000 in net working capital and $87,000 in fixed assets. The project is expected to produce annual sales of $75,000 with associated cash costs of $57,000. The project has a 5-year life. The company uses straight-line depreciation to a zero book value over the life of the project. The tax rate is 30 percent. What is the operating cash flow for this project? A. -$1,520 B. -$580 C. $420 D. $15,680 E. $17,820 57. The Beach House has sales of $784,000 and a profit margin of 8 percent. The annual depreciation expense is $14,000. What is the amount of the operating cash flow if the company has no long-term debt? A. $68,760 B. $72,240 C. $74,240 D. $76,720 E. $81,760 58. The Pancake House has sales of $1,642,000, depreciation of $27,000, and net working capital of $218,000. The firm has a tax rate of 35 percent and a profit margin of 6 percent. The firm has no interest expense. What is the amount of the operating cash flow? A. $98,520 B. $125,520 C. $147,480 D. $268,480 E. $343,520 59. Northern Railway is considering a project which will produce annual sales of $975,000 and increase cash expenses by $848,000. If the project is implemented, taxes will increase from $141,000 to $154,000 and depreciation will increase from $194,000 to $272,000. The company is debtfree. What is the amount of the operating cash flow using the top-down approach? A. $25,000 B. $114,000 C. $157,000 D. $181,000 E. $209,000 60. Bi-Lo Traders is considering a project that will produce sales of $28,000 and increase cash expenses by $17,500. If the project is implemented, taxes will increase by $3,000. The additional depreciation expense will be $1,600. An initial cash outlay of $1,400 is required for net working capital. What is the amount of the operating cash flow using the top-down approach? A. $4,500 B. $5,900 C. $6,100 D. $7,500 E. $8,900