Hello Expert,

for most solutions I've seen on this site, horizontal analysis is done by dividing the new year by the old year. But, in my class horizontal analysis is done like this (new year-old year)/old year. I'm not used to doing problems where numbers are missing or are in parentheses, so could you show the step by step solution for the highlighted rows on the image? 2008 is the base.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS Kelly Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries 2010 2009(1) 2008 (In millions of dollars except per share items) $4,950.3 $4,314.8 $5,517.3 4,155.8 3,613.1 4,539.7 794.5 701.7 977.6 754.4 794.7 967.4 2.0 53.1 80.5 38.1 (146.1) (70.3) (5.4) (2.2) (3.4) 32.7 6.6 26.1 (148.3) (43.2) (105.1) (73.7) 8.0 (81.7) Revenue from services Cost of services Gross profit Selling, general and administrative expenses Asset impairments Earnings (loss) from operations Other expense, net Earnings (loss) from continuing operations before taxes Income taxes Earnings (loss) from continuing operations Earnings (Loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax Net earnings (loss) Basic earnings (loss) per share Earnings (loss) from continuing operations Earnings (loss) from discontinued operations Net earnings (loss) Diluted (loss) earnings per share Earnings (loss) from continuing operations Earnings (loss) from discontinued operations Net (loss) earnings Dividends per share Average shares outstanding (millions): Basic Diluted 0.6 $ (104.5) (0.5) $ (82.2) $ 26.1 $ 0.71 $ (3.01) 0.02 $ (3.00) $ (2.35) (0.02) $ (2.37) $ 0.71 $ 0.71 $ (3.01) 0.02 $ (3.00) $ $ (2.35) (0.02) $ (2.37) $ 0.54 0.71 $ $ 36.1 36.1 34.9 34.9 34.8 34.8 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS Kelly Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries 2010 2009(1) 2008 (In millions of dollars except per share items) $4,950.3 $4,314.8 $5,517.3 4,155.8 3,613.1 4,539.7 794.5 701.7 977.6 754.4 794.7 967.4 2.0 53.1 80.5 38.1 (146.1) (70.3) (5.4) (2.2) (3.4) 32.7 6.6 26.1 (148.3) (43.2) (105.1) (73.7) 8.0 (81.7) Revenue from services Cost of services Gross profit Selling, general and administrative expenses Asset impairments Earnings (loss) from operations Other expense, net Earnings (loss) from continuing operations before taxes Income taxes Earnings (loss) from continuing operations Earnings (Loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax Net earnings (loss) Basic earnings (loss) per share Earnings (loss) from continuing operations Earnings (loss) from discontinued operations Net earnings (loss) Diluted (loss) earnings per share Earnings (loss) from continuing operations Earnings (loss) from discontinued operations Net (loss) earnings Dividends per share Average shares outstanding (millions): Basic Diluted 0.6 $ (104.5) (0.5) $ (82.2) $ 26.1 $ 0.71 $ (3.01) 0.02 $ (3.00) $ (2.35) (0.02) $ (2.37) $ 0.71 $ 0.71 $ (3.01) 0.02 $ (3.00) $ $ (2.35) (0.02) $ (2.37) $ 0.54 0.71 $ $ 36.1 36.1 34.9 34.9 34.8 34.8