Question: Help me study for my IB ESS SL assessment on these following units: Topic 1 : Foundations of Environmental Systems and Societies This topic introduces
Help me study for my IB ESS SL assessment on these following units: Topic : Foundations of Environmental Systems and Societies This topic introduces fundamental concepts, models, and frameworks that underpin environmental systems and sustainability. Environmental Value Systems EVSs Definition of EVSs and different types ecocentric anthropocentric, technocentric Influences on EVSs culture religion, economics, sociopolitical context Conflicts and debates surrounding environmental issues. Systems and Models Systems concepts: inputs, outputs, processes, storages, and flows. Open, closed, and isolated systems. Models as simplified representations of reality, their uses and limitations Energy and Equilibria Energy transformations and laws of thermodynamics. Equilibria: steadystate and static. Resilience and tipping points in ecosystems. Sustainability Definitions and principles of sustainability. Environmental, economic, and social sustainability. Sustainable development strategies. Humans and Pollution Types of pollution: point source and nonpoint source. Sources and effects of pollutants. Pollution management strategies: prevention, control, and cleanup. Topic : Ecosystems and Ecology This topic focuses on how ecosystems function and the interactions between organisms and their environments. Species and Populations Definitions of species, population, habitat, and niche. Biotic and abiotic factors affecting populations. Limiting factors and carrying capacity. Communities and Ecosystems Food chains, food webs, and trophic levels. Producers, consumers, decomposers, and energy flow in ecosystems. Ecological pyramids numbers biomass, productivity Functions of Systems and Ecosystems Photosynthesis and respiration as key processes. Energy and matter flows carbon and nitrogen cycles Productivity: gross and net primary productivity GPP and NPP Biomes, Zonation, and Succession Definition and characteristics of biomes. Factors influencing the distribution of biomes climate latitude, altitude Zonation and succession processes primary and secondary Introduction to Water Systems Distribution of water on Earth oceans freshwater, ice, groundwater Hydrological water cycle: processes like evaporation, condensation, precipitation, infiltration, and runoff. Human impacts on the water cycle deforestation urbanization
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