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Practice Understanding Concepts 9. Determine the net force on objects E, F, and G. (a) At a particular instant, a soaring bird (E) is subject to an upward lift of 3.74 N, a downward gravitational force of 3.27 N, and a horizontal air resistance force of 0.354 N. (b) A long-jump contestant (F) experiences at the instant of landing a gravita- tional force of 538 N [down] and a force, applied by the ground to the feet, of 6382 N [28.3 above the horizontal]. (c) In a football game, a quarterback (G), hit simultaneously by two line- backers, experiences horizontal forces of 412 N [27.0 W of N] and 478 N [36.0 N of E]. (Consider only the horizontal forces and neglect friction. Note that we can ignore the vertical forces because they are equal in mag- nitude, but opposite in direction.)