Here are five important questions for an exam in chemical engineering: Question 1: A liquid mixture containing

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Question:

Here are five important questions for an exam in chemical engineering:

Question 1:

A liquid mixture containing 40% component A and 60% component B by mass is fed into a distillation column. The column separates the mixture into two streams: an overhead stream containing 90% component A and a bottom stream containing 10% component A. Calculate the mass flow rate of the overhead stream if the total mass flow rate of the feed is 500 kg/h.

Question 2:

A reversible, adiabatic, and steady-state gas turbine operates with air as the working fluid. The inlet temperature and pressure of the air are 300°C and 1 bar, respectively. The outlet temperature of the air is 600°C. Calculate the thermal efficiency of the turbine.

Question 3:

A chemical reaction follows the rate expression: r = k[A]^2[B]. The reaction is carried out in a well-stirred batch reactor. Initially, the concentrations of A and B are [A] = 0.2 mol/L and [B] = 0.4 mol/L, respectively. After 10 minutes, the concentrations of A and B are [A] = 0.05 mol/L and [B] = 0.3 mol/L, respectively. Determine the rate constant (k) of the reaction.

Question 4:

A liquid mixture of ethanol and water is heated in a distillation column to separate the two components. The vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data for the mixture is given below:

- At 80°C, the mole fraction of ethanol in the vapor phase is 0.4.

- At 80°C, the mole fraction of ethanol in the liquid phase is 0.6.

Calculate the number of equilibrium stages required to achieve a distillate composition of 90% ethanol.

Question 5:

A heat exchanger is used to heat a process fluid by utilizing the energy from a hot fluid stream. The process fluid enters the heat exchanger at 20°C and needs to be heated to 80°C. The hot fluid stream enters the heat exchanger at 150°C and leaves at 100°C. The mass flow rate of the process fluid is 2 kg/s, and the heat capacity of the process fluid is 4 kJ/(kg·°C). Determine the heat transfer rate in the heat exchanger.