How can chemical engineering principles optimize processes in industries like pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, and materials science? Explore theories such as mass transfer, thermodynamics, reaction kinetics, and fluid dynamics to elucidate how they underpin the design of reactors, separation units, and process controls. Investigate how theoretical frameworks enable the efficient conversion of raw materials into valuable products while minimizing waste and energy consumption. Additionally, analyze the role of computational modeling and simulation in predicting system behavior and optimizing process parameters. Ultimately, delve into how these theoretical foundations drive innovation, sustainability, and safety within the field of chemical engineering.