How can the integration of advanced computational methods and optimization techniques enhance the planning and execution of large$-$scale infrastructure projects in civil engineering? Discuss the potential impacts on efficiency, cost management, and risk mitigation, and elaborate on the theoretical frameworks that support the adoption of these methods. Additionally, consider the challenges that engineers might face in the implementation of these techniques and the strategies that can be employed to overcome these obstacles, ensuring successful project delivery while maintaining adherence to design specifications and regulatory requirements.