How do environmental factors, such as soil composition, geological formations, and climatic conditions, influence the design and construction of large$-$scale infrastructure projects, particularly bridges and highways? Considering the dynamic interplay between these variables, delve into the intricate process of selecting suitable materials, determining structural configurations, and implementing mitigation strategies to ensure the long$-$term resilience and stability of civil engineering structures. Explore the role of advanced technologies, such as Geographic Information Systems $($GIS$),$ Finite Element Analysis $($FEA$),$ and remote sensing techniques, in assessing environmental impacts and optimizing engineering solutions. Additionally, examine the significance of interdisciplinary collaboration between civil engineers, geologists, environmental scientists, and urban planners in addressing complex challenges posed by natural hazards, urbanization, and climate change. Through a comprehensive analysis, elucidate the holistic approach required in the field of civil engineering to achieve sustainable development goals and resilient infrastructure systems in diverse geographical contexts.